Image forming apparatus

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides a light source apparatus in which wasteful cost increases can be suppressed during the manufacture of various types of light source apparatuses, and replacement of a broken light source can be performed at low cost, a recording apparatus using the light source apparatus, and an image forming apparatus comprising the recording apparatus. A plurality of optical units comprising optical members (a light source element and a lens) for outputting a single beam are combined separably in row form. A holder is used as means for holding the optical units in row form.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a light source apparatus that emits aplurality of beams, a recording apparatus installed with the lightsource apparatus, and an image forming apparatus installed with therecording apparatus, these apparatuses being applicable to an imagesetter or plotter apparatus for use in various types of plate makingsuch as CTP (Computer to Plate), and for creating art work film or maskfilm and printed circuit boards, an image forming apparatus using silversalt as a medium, a DI (Direct Imaging) machine, an electrophotographicapparatus, a printer, a copier, a plate making apparatus, a printingmachine having a plate making function, and so on.

2. Description of the Background Art

A light source apparatus comprising a plurality of anode common lightsource elements (laser diodes, for example), lenses corresponding toeach light source element, one or a plurality of insulators for holdingthe light source elements, a metal bracket for holding the insulator,and a circuit board to which terminals of the respective light sourceelements, which are fixed to the metal bracket, are connected, isdisclosed in paragraph 0079, FIG. 19, and soon of Japanese UnexaminedPatent Application Publication 2005-317925, for example. In this lightsource apparatus, when a set of components comprising a light sourceelement for outputting a single beam, a lens, an insulator, a terminal,and soon is referred to as an optical member, a plurality of opticalmembers are formed on the circuit board, and by varying the number andarrangement of the circuit boards, a light source apparatus for use innumerous applications, image writing in many lengths, and so on can beprovided.

Hence, in a conventional light source apparatus, a plurality of opticalmembers are divided among and arranged on a plurality of circuit boards,and by varying the number of circuit boards, it is possible tomanufacture light source apparatuses in many lengths. Further, brokenlight sources can be replaced in circuit board units, enabling areduction in maintenance costs. Thus, a conventional light sourceapparatus exhibits various possibilities.

In actuality, however, it has been learned that the number of beams mustbe varied in single beam units. The background to this is demand forlight source apparatus structures of many lengths and improvements inmaintenance ease. Demand for reductions in initial cost and maintenancecost must also be satisfied. For example, conventionally, a singlecircuit board can carry a large number of light sources, and hence it isdifficult to use the circuit board effectively when light sourceapparatuses having different numbers of light sources are manufactured.

For example, when manufacturing a light source apparatus comprising 84light sources using a circuit board that carries 36 light sources, threecircuit boards must be used, with the result that 108 light sources areprovided. However, the number of light sources in actual use is 84, andtherefore substrate costs are used wastefully. When a large number oflight sources are fixed directly to the circuit board (in theaforementioned publication, caulking is recommended), for example when asingle board is capable of carrying 36 light sources, as in the exampledescribed above, and a single light source breaks, the remaining 35usable light sources must be replaced together with the board, andtherefore the cost of replacement components is particularly high.

When studying the background art in view of the problems describedabove, according to which a conventional apparatus must be manufacturedin unnecessary beam number units or a circuit board carrying a pluralityof light sources must be replaced, it is evident that conventionalapparatuses are extremely wasteful.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has been designed in consideration of theseproblems, and it is an object thereof to suppress wasteful costincreases when manufacturing various types of light source apparatuses,and to provide a light source apparatus having a high-precisionconstitution with which a broken light source can be replaced at lowcost, and an image forming apparatus capable of high image qualityrecording.

In an aspect of the present invention, an image forming apparatus usesan optical unit array formed by arranging a plurality of optical units.Each of the units is formed by incorporating a light source element anda lens for condensing light from the light source element into a casing,and performs image formation in an image formation are a using energyfrom the light source element by apportioning the image formation areaamong the optical units. The optical unit array comprises gaps betweenthe casings of adjacent optical units, and is installed in a holdingmember such that the optical units can be attached and detached.

In another aspect of the present invention, an image forming apparatususes an optical unit array formed by arranging a plurality of opticalunits. Each of the units is formed by incorporating a light sourceelement and a lens for condensing light from the light source elementinto a casing, and performs image formation in an image formation areausing energy from the light source element by apportioning the imageformation area among the optical units. The optical unit array is anoptical unit group formed by arranging n number of the optical units ina holder, N number of the optical unit groups are arranged in a holdingmember so as to cover a width of the image formation area, a gap isprovided between the casings of adjacent optical units, and the opticalunits are installed in the holder detachably (here, n and N are naturalnumbers of two or more).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the presentinvention will become more apparent from the following detaileddescription taken with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the constitution of the main parts of arecording apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the recording apparatus;

FIGS. 3 to 7 are front views of various light source apparatusesaccording to the present invention;

FIG. 8A is a front view of a lens according to the present invention;

FIG. 8B is a front view of a lens having a fixed aperture;

FIG. 8C is a side view of a lens having a fixed aperture;

FIG. 8D is a perspective view of a lens having a fixed aperture;

FIGS. 9 and 10 are front views of the light source apparatus;

FIGS. 11 to 14 are views showing the constitution of an image formingapparatus including a recording apparatus;

FIG. 15 is a view showing an example of the arrangement of optical unitsprovided opposite a drum;

FIG. 16 is a view showing an example of a holder in which a plurality ofthe optical units are disposed;

FIG. 17 is a view showing an example of a state in which a plurality ofthe holders face the drum;

FIG. 18 is a view showing respective ideal recording ranges of threeoptical units;

FIG. 19 is a view showing an example in which an actual recording rangedeviates from the ideal recording range; and

FIG. 20 is a view showing an example of image data that are modified inanticipation of the deviation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference tothe drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a light source apparatus according tothe present invention and a recording apparatus employing the lightsource apparatus. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the recording apparatus seenfrom above, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the recording apparatus of FIG.1 as seen from a sub-scanning direction.

The recording apparatus shown in FIG. 1 forms an image in the followingmanner. When a drum 2 holding a recording medium 1 performs a singlerevolution in a main scanning direction (the rotation direction of thedrum) about a rotary central shaft 3, an image-forming line is formed onthe recording medium 1 by beams 5 emitted in a number corresponding to anumber of light source elements 4, such as laser diodes, serving aslight sources.

When the drum 2 completes a single revolution, the plurality of lightsources (light source elements 4) move by a predetermined interval (amovement amount for connecting images formed by adjacent light sources,as will be described below) in the sub-scanning direction, or in otherwords the movement direction of the light source apparatus on which theplurality of light sources are held integrally, and when this movementis complete, a new line is formed on the recording medium 1 by therespective light sources. When all of the images produced by the linesformed by the respective light sources have been connected to the imageformed by the adjacent light source, image formation ends.

In another image formation method, an image is formed by moving a lightsource apparatus 6 continuously in the sub-scanning direction insynchronization with the rotation of the drum 2 such that helical linesare formed on the recording medium 1. Likewise in this image formationmethod, the image formation operation ends when all of the images formedby the respective light sources have been connected to the image formedby the adjacent light source.

A heat-sensitive or photosensitive CTP printing plate or the like isused as the recording medium 1, but the recording medium 1 is notlimited to these materials.

A light source apparatus 6-1 is constituted by a plurality of lightsource elements 4 serving as light sources, each light source outputtinga single beam, lenses having an imaging ability correspondingrespectively to (opposing) the light source elements 4, a plurality ofoptical units, and one (or more than one) holder.

The optical unit is a constitutional element of the light sourceapparatus comprising optical members such as a light source and a lens.In the light source apparatus 6-1 in FIGS. 1 and 2, the optical membersprovided in one optical unit 8 are constituted by one light sourceelement 4 and a lens 7 corresponding thereto, which are disposed in theinterior of a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped casing. The plurality ofoptical units are formed in the same size. The plurality of opticalunits 8 are provided in a number corresponding to the size of the drum 2so as to cover an image writing area, and are lined up in series in thesub-scanning direction and held in a holder 9-1 such that a beamemission direction thereof is oriented toward the recording medium 1.

The optical units 8 comprising the optical members are held individuallyin the common holder 9-1 by screws, for example, and are arranged suchthat no other optical unit is positioned in an attachment/detachmentdirection. The optical units 8 are combined in a plurality, and can beseparated at a boundary portion of an arbitrary optical unit byunscrewing the screw of the corresponding optical unit. In the drawing,the range of a single holder, or more specifically the range of theholder 9-1 in the sub-scanning direction, is denoted by the symbol H-1.As shown in the illustrated example, with a constitution in which aplurality of optical units in rectangular parallelepiped-shaped casingsare arranged in series, an arbitrary optical unit can be attached ordetached without being obstructed by the adjacent optical unit.

With this constitution, an arbitrary unit can be removed withoutaffecting the other optical units, and therefore, when a single lightsource breaks, only the corresponding optical unit need be replaced.Furthermore, by separating the serially arranged optical units 8appropriately at the boundary therebetween, light source apparatuses ofdifferent lengths can be formed easily and at low cost.

The holder 9-1 has to hold the plurality of optical units 8 together,and therefore has a length corresponding to the row direction length ofthe optical units. The holder 9-1 may be formed with grooves in whichthe optical units can be held or in plate form, but in this example, theholder 9-1 is constituted by a casing. Further, stoppers, guides, and soon may be provided appropriately to position the optical units 8 infixed positions. When the holder 9-1 is constituted by a casing, beamtransmission ports and an opening, lid, or the like for attaching anddetaching the optical units are provided appropriately. A partitioningmember may be provided between adjacent optical units to provide aguiding function when an optical unit is attached or detached.

By providing the optical members in the optical unit, the opticalmembers can be fixed to the holder detachably in individual optical unitunits by releasable holding means such as a screw. Further, by employingthe holder, the strength of the light source apparatus 6 can beincreased. In an elongated light source apparatus, it is particularlydesirable to employ a holder that is large enough to hold a plurality ofthe optical units.

In a light source apparatus 6-2 shown in FIG. 3, one holder 9-2 holdsthree of the optical units 8, and a plurality of these holders 9-2 arearranged in a single, substantially straight line and attached to aholding member, not shown in the drawing, detachably by means such as ascrew. In the drawing, the range of one holder, or more specifically therange of the holder 9-2 in the sub-scanning direction, is denoted by thesymbol H-2. During maintenance, a subject holder can be detached fromthe holding member, and the optical units 8 in the holder can bereplaced individually. Alternatively, a light source apparatus having adesired length can be formed by adjusting the length of the elongationdirection. Note that in FIG. 3, an optical member 11 indicates the lightsource element 4, lens 7, and so on shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and so onschematically. The serially assembled holders 9-2 are formed in a singlerow, similarly to the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but as amodification, the number of rows may be increased in an orthogonaldirection to the sub-scanning direction on the paper surface of FIG. 3such that the plurality of optical units are arranged in two, three, ormore rows in substantially straight lines. In so doing, the imagewriting efficiency can be improved.

As another example of a holder, as shown in a light source apparatus 6-3of FIG. 4, a holder 9-3 has a two-row constitution, and the phase of aboundary portion 10 on each row is shifted by ½ the optical member pitchsuch that the optical units 8 are arranged in staggered form. In sodoing, the beam interval on the recording medium can be narrowed. InFIG. 4, the range of one holder, or more specifically the range of theholder 9-3 in the sub-scanning direction, is denoted by the symbol H-3.The intervals between the beams emitted by the light sources existing ina substantially straight line on each row must be substantially equal.In the examples described heretofore, the holder shown in FIGS. 1 and 2is provided singly (in a single row), the holder 9-2 shown in FIG. 3 isprovided in a plurality (in a single row), and the holder 9-3 shown inFIG. 4 is provided in a plurality (in plural rows).

In all of the examples, the optical units 8 can be attached to anddetached from the holder individually by means of a screw structure, forexample.

The features of the present invention will now be described in moredetail. As noted above, in the present invention, the optical units 8,each of which has an integrated constitution incorporating the lightsource element 4, such as a laser, and the lens 7 for condensing thelaser beam emitted by the light source element 4 in a casing, arearranged in a plurality in array form. Each optical unit 8 isresponsible for a fixed range serving as an image writing range, and theoptical units 8 cooperate to perform image formation or latent imageformation onto a recording body using optical energy or opticallygenerated thermal energy such that the entire image formation area widthof the recording body is covered.

In other words, the optical units 8 described above are arranged in aplurality, but this leads to one problem. When the optical units 8 arearranged in a plurality such that the optical units 8 are lined up inclose contact with each other in an array form, small irregularities inthe casing outer shape dimension (the casing outer shape width of theoptical unit 8 in the array direction) of each optical unit 8 lead to anaccumulative error such that when the light source apparatus is extendedin length, the disposal positions of the optical units 8 at the two endportions deviate from the original desired positions. As a result, thepositional precision of the optical units 8 cannot be secured.

The present invention is a light source apparatus applied to a techniquefor performing extremely high-precision writing between 24000 dpi and3600 dpi, for example, and therefore the inability to dispose theoptical units 8 as desired is a serious problem.

In consideration of this problem, in the present invention the casingouter shape width of the optical unit 8 in the array direction is setsuch that a gap of approximately 0.05 mm to 2 mm can be formed betweenthe casings of adjacent optical units 8. In other words, in the presentinvention, the casing outer shape width of the optical unit 8 in thearray direction is formed to be approximately 0.05 mm to 2 mm smallerthan the distance (the width of the image area for which one opticalunit 8 is responsible) moved by the optical unit 8 in the sub-scanningdirection (the array direction of the optical units 8).

As a specific example, when the beam interval, or in other words thewidth of the image area for which one optical unit 8 is responsible, isset at 11.176 mm, the casing outer shape width of the optical unit 8 inthe array direction is set at 11 mm, and thus the casings are arrangedin array form such that a slight gap can be formed between adjacentcasings.

Each optical unit 8 is attached in an individually detachable manner tothe holding member or holder by a screw or the like. During thisattachment operation, the individual optical units 8 are subjected topositioning adjustment prior to attachment, and the casings of theoptical units 8 are not arranged in close contact with each other.Therefore, even when a large number of the optical units 8 are arrangedin array form, a reduction in the disposal position precision of theoptical units 8 due to an accumulative pitch error does not occur,enabling the realization of a light source apparatus that can be appliedfavorably to a technique for performing extremely high-precision writingof 2400 dpi to 3600 dpi.

Note that in the example described above, a reduction in the attachmentposition precision of the optical units 8 due to an accumulative pitcherror when a plurality of the optical units 8 are arranged in array formis avoided by providing a gap between the casings of adjacent opticalunits 8, and in the present invention, this idea is also applied to acase in which holders holding a plurality of the optical units 8 arearranged.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, three optical units 8 (typically,n optical units, n being a natural number of 2 or more) are arranged inthe holder 9-2, and a plurality of the holders 9-2 (typically N holders,N being a natural number of 2 or more) are arranged on a holding memberto cover the aforementioned image formation area width. Similarly to thegap of approximately 0.05 mm to 2 mm provided between the casings ofadjacent optical units 8, as described above, a gap of approximately0.05 mm to 2 mm is provided between adjacent holders of the holders 9-2.

In so doing, a reduction in precision caused by an accumulative pitcherror in the holders 9-2 when a plurality of the holders 9-2 arearranged on the holding member can be prevented in a similar manner tothe case described above, in which a reduction in the disposal positionprecision of the optical units 8 due to an accumulative pitch error isprevented. Similarly to the optical units 8, the outer shape dimensionof each holder 9-2 is formed to be approximately 0.05 mm to 2 mm smallerthan the writing area width for which the plurality of optical units 8(typicallyn optical units, n being a natural number of 2 or more) in theholder are responsible.

Each holder 9-2 is attached in an individually detachable manner to theholding member by a screw or the like. The individual holders 9-2 aresubjected to positioning adjustment prior to attachment, and therefore,even when a large number of the holders 9-2 are arranged in array form,a reduction in the disposal position precision of the holders 9-2 due toan accumulative pitch error does not occur, enabling the realization ofa light source apparatus that can be applied favorably to a techniquefor performing extremely high-precision writing of 2400 dpi to 3600 dpi.

As is evident from the above description, in the present invention, noptical units are arranged detachably with a gap provided betweenadjacent optical units. In an alternative constitution, n optical unitsare disposed in a holder as a single optical unit group, and when Nholders are provided, the holders are arranged detachably with a gapprovided between adjacent holders. Here, n and N are natural numbers of2 or more.

In both the optical units and the holders, the gap serves to absorb anaccumulative error when the optical units or holders are arranged in aplurality, but the gap also plays the following roles.

Firstly, positioning adjustment is performed when attaching the opticalunits or holders, and at this time, the gap serves as a positioningadjustment margin.

A second role of the gap is as thermal insulation between adjacentoptical units or holders. In the present invention, a laser diode or thelike is used as the light source element, and the heat generated by theindividual light source elements is prevented from being transmitted tothe adjacent light source element by the layer of air present in thegap. As a result, characteristic variation in the individual lightsource elements due to thermal interference is prevented.

A method of arranging the optical units or holders of the presentinvention was described in detail above. In a light source apparatusconstituted such that a plurality of the optical units are disposed in asingle holder, maintenance can be performed by attaching and detachingthe individual optical units in single units, and in a light sourceapparatus formed by combining a plurality of the single holders eachholding a plurality of the optical units, maintenance can be performedby attaching and detaching the single holders in single units, and byattaching and detaching the individual optical units in single units.

In all of the light source apparatuses described above, a plurality ofthe optical units are combined separably, and therefore, when a lightsource breaks, the optical unit can be replaced at low cost.

Next, the features of the present invention will be described in furtherdetail.

As described above, the present invention is a light source apparatusfor application to a technique for performing extremely high-precisionwriting of 2400 dpi to 3600 dpi, for example, and in the presentinvention, the optical units 8 are arranged over a length of 1000 mm to2000 mm in the array direction. Since the definition is extremely highand the recording width is long, it is difficult to maintain beamposition precision due to thermal expansion in the holder and theholding member.

Ideally, the problem of a reduction in the beam position precisioncaused by thermal expansion can be avoided by forming the casing of eachoptical unit 8, the holder in which n optical units 8 are disposed, andthe holding member holding N holders from identical materials.

In the present invention, however, this problem is solved without theneed to provide identical materials. In the present invention, thecasing of each optical unit 8 is formed by an aluminum alloy such asA5056 in consideration of the workability and low weight thereof.Alternatively, the casing of each optical unit 8 may be formed fromaluminum die cast.

The holder is formed from brass in consideration of the workability andstrength thereof, and not from an identical material to the casing.

Further, the holding member for holding the holder is formed fromstainless steel such as SUS304 due more than anything to the strengththereof, and thus the holding member is also formed from a differentmaterial.

Since all of these materials are different, a thermal expansiondifference occurs such that when a large number of the optical units arearranged over a length of 1000 mm to 2000 mm in the array direction, theproblem of a reduction in the beam position precision due to thermalexpansion cannot be ignored. In the present invention, however, the gapis provided between adjacent casings or adjacent holders to absorb anaccumulative pitch error, as described above, and therefore the thermalexpansion difference can also be absorbed by the gap.

In other words, a reduction in precision generated when a compoundmaterial formed by laminating different materials together bends in themanner of a bimetal due to a thermal expansion difference can be avoidedby arranging the optical units or holders on the holding member or thelike with a slight gap there between such that adjacent casings oradjacent holders are not in close contact, as in the present invention.

A light source apparatus 6-4 shown in FIG. 5 is similar to the lightsource apparatus 6-3 of FIG. 3 in that a plurality of holders 9-4 (in asingle row) are provided, and four of the optical units 8 are disposedin one holder. In the drawing, the range of one holder, or morespecifically the range of the holder 9-4 in the sub-scanning direction,is denoted by the reference symbol H-4.

When light source apparatuses of many lengths are manufactured using theholders 9-4 comprising four of the optical units 8 for emitting fourbeams, light source apparatuses of various lengths can be manufacturedaccording to the unit length of one holder (four beams). For example,when the beam interval is set at 11.176 mm, a length of 11.176×34 mm, orin other words 44.704 mm, is recorded by each holder 9-4 installed withfour of the optical units 8. Therefore, a light source apparatus having12 of the holders 9-4 can be used for 515 mm recording, a light sourceapparatus employing 24 of the holders 9-4 can be formed for 1030 mm, andin this manner, light source apparatuses of many lengths can beprovided. Note that in the case of 1030 mm recording, 93 beams arerequired, but when 24 holders 9-4, each holding four of the opticalunits 8, are used, 4×24=96 beams are provided. Hence, the end holderdoes not require four optical units, and may be installed with a singlebeam, or in other words a single optical unit.

As another example, a light source apparatus maybe constituted by theoptical units 8 alone, without using a holder, as in a light sourceapparatus 6-5 shown in FIG. 6. In this example, the light sourceapparatus is formed by directly attaching each optical unit 8 detachablyto the main body of an image recording apparatus or the like, not shownin the drawing.

In this example, the length of the light source apparatus can bevariedin beam width units, enabling an improvement in freedom. With aconstitution in which the optical units 8 can be attached and detachedin single units, the cost of a replacement component when one of thelight sources breaks can be reduced greatly.

A light source apparatus 6-6 shown in FIG. 7 is similar to the lightsource apparatuses shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in that many optical units 8are installed in an individually detachable manner in a single holder9-5 in a single row. In the light source apparatuses of the variousexamples described heretofore, a reasonably priced, small semiconductorlaser is preferably employed as the light source element 4 used as thelight source, but there are no particular limitations on the lightsource, and in applications where the beam shape and output stabilityare important, a gas laser or solid state laser may be used.

In the light source apparatuses of the various examples describedheretofore, the lens 7 is disposed after adjusting the optical axisthereof to face the corresponding light source, and comprises amechanism which is capable of adjusting the position thereof to thefront and rear along the optical axis. The lens 7 may be a single lenssuch as a double-sided aspheric lens having both a collimating functionand a condensing function, or may be constituted by a lens groupincluding a plurality of lenses. Further, as means for varying thediameter of the beam emitted onto the recording surface, an aperture maybe disposed between the light source and the lens or between the lensand the recording surface.

An example in which an aperture is fixed directly to the lens 7 will nowbe described with reference to FIGS. 8A to 8D.

FIG. 8A shows an example of a double-sided aspheric lens serving as thelens 7. As shown in FIG. 8B, an annular aperture 12 having an identicalouter diameter to that of the lens 7 is fixed to a rim portion 7 a ofthe lens 7 by adhesion or the like. FIG. 8C shows the lens 7, to whichthe aperture is fixed, from an optical axis direction, and FIG. 8D is aperspective view thereof. Thus, an aperture can be formed integrallywith the lens using a simple method.

Other members installed in the optical unit 8 will now be described.

A substrate has a function for driving the light source using anexternal signal generated in accordance with image information, and afunction for outputting to the outside the output of a photosensordisposed in a light source package or in the vicinity of the lightsource. The light source and substrate may be fixed to each otherdirectly by soldering or the like, or may be connected via a cable.Further, the substrate may have a function for generating a current fordriving the light source in accordance with a signal input from theoutside or a function for inputting an externally generated light sourcedriving current and outputting the current to the light source.

In the examples of light source apparatuses shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7,the light source elements 4 are fixed directly to a substrate 13, and inthese embodiments, one substrate 13 is provided for each optical unit 8.Note that in a light source apparatus comprising a holder, thesubstrates 13 may be provided in the holder. At least one connector 14for transmitting light source driving force and various informationsignals is typically installed in each substrate 13 to enable signalexchange with the light source or photodiode.

A lens cover is required to prevent damage to the lens 7 and dust fromadhering thereto. In a light source apparatus for writing an image ontoan ablation recording medium, a particularly large amount of dust isgenerated during exposure, and therefore a mechanism for removing dustthat adheres to the lens cover surface is required. One lens cover maybe provided for each optical unit or for each holder.

In the light source apparatuses 6-4, 6-5, 6-6 shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and7, a lens cover 15 is provided independently for each optical unit 8.Note that in the examples shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, which are constitutedwith holders, the lens cover may be provided on the holders.

By keeping the periphery of the light source, including the light sourceand the light source apparatus casing, at or below a predeterminedtemperature, the light source output can be stabilized andtemperature-generated expansion and contraction of the light sourceapparatus casing can be prevented. A temperature control member isprovided as means for performing this temperature control.

To make the temperature control member separable in relation to theoptical units 8, the size and capacity of the temperature control membermust be aligned with the number and size of the temperature controlsubject optical units 8. To enable separation, a large number of small,low capacity temperature control members are used, and therefore bias inthe temperature of the light source apparatus can be reduced easily suchthat a high image quality can be obtained with stability.

The temperature control member may possess either or both of a coolingfunction and a heating function, and the functions of the temperaturecontrol member are selected in accordance with the anticipated disposalenvironment of the apparatus. For the cooling function, liquid coolingsuch as water cooling, gas cooling such as air cooling, a Peltierelement, or another pre-existing method may be used, and likewise forthe heating function, a pre-existing method such as a heating wire, aceramic heater, warm air, warm liquid, and electromagnetic inductionheating may be used. To reduce bias in the temperature distributionusing both functions, a heat pipe and a material having high thermalconductivity may be combined, and as long as the method can be installedin the optical unit, there are no particular limitations thereon.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show embodiments of the temperature control member. Thedisposal position of the temperature control member differs depending onwhether the light source apparatus is constituted in a single row (FIGS.1 to 7), as shown in FIG. 9, or in two rows (FIG. 4), as shown in FIG.10.

In the light source apparatus (6-1, 6-2, 6-5, 6-6) shown in FIG. 9, atemperature control member 17 is provided in units of four optical unitson a side wall portion of an identical side via a high thermalconductivity material 16, and in the light source apparatus (6-3) shownin FIG. 10, the temperature control member 17 is provided in units offour optical units on a side wall portion of an identical side of eachrow via the high thermal conductivity material 16, and held by theholder 9-6. Note, however, that the holder 9-6 need not be provided.Also note that in cases with three or more rows, the temperature controlmember is disposed between each row via the high thermal conductivitymaterial. When the temperature control member is disposed in thismanner, the space on the periphery of the optical units can be usedeffectively. Note that in a light source apparatus provided with aholder, the temperature control member may be provided in the holder viathe high thermal conductivity material.

It was learned that by forming the constitutional elements of the lightsource apparatus into an optical unit as described above, the object ofthe present invention can be achieved. In other words, by providing anoptical unit comprising not only a light source, a lens, a beam-shapingaperture, and so on, but also a light source circuit board, a connector,a light source temperature control member, a lens cover, and so on, andmaking each constitutional element separable in accordance with theoptical unit, light source apparatuses having various lengths can beformed, and when one component breaks, a replacement component can beprovided at low cost.

Various examples of printing operations using a recording apparatuscomprising the light source apparatus described above and an imageforming apparatus comprising the recording apparatus will now bedescribed.

FIG. 11 shows an example of a monochrome printing apparatus (a DImachine), FIG. 12 shows an example of a four-color printing apparatus (aDI machine) having a single impression cylinder, and FIG. 13 shows anexample of a four-color printing apparatus (a DI machine) which is afour-drum tandem DI machine having individual impression cylinders. Notethat a DI (Direct Imaging) machine is a printing apparatus having both afunction for preparing a printing plate by exposing an image on acomputer onto the printing plate, and a function for performing printingonto recording paper serving as an example of a sheet-form medium.

In the printing apparatus shown in FIG. 11, a light source apparatus 600(corresponding to the light source apparatuses 6-1 to 6-7) of thepresent invention performs exposure corresponding to image informationon a recording medium 601 such as a printing plate, thereby forming anink adhesion area (ink-philic area) and an ink non-adhesion area (inkrepellent area) on the surface of the recording medium 601.

Next, the recording medium 601 is set on a drum 602 (corresponding tothe drum 2), where upon the drum 602, an intermediate transfer body 604,an inking roller 603 group, and a pressure roller 605 are rotatedsynchronously such that ink is supplied to the ink-philic area on thesurface of the recording medium 601 from the inking roller 603, therebyforming an ink image. The ink image is transferred onto the intermediatetransfer body 604 having a rubber member such as a blanket on itssurface, and then the ink image on the intermediate transfer body 604 istransferred onto recording paper 606. The transfer paper 606 is thenconveyed by printed matter conveyance means 607 and placed on adischarge table as printed matter 609. Note that after use, therecording medium 601 is stored in a container.

In the printing apparatus shown in FIG. 12, units corresponding to fourcolors (each of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) a redisposed on theperiphery of a single pressure drum 705, and each unit comprises aninking roller 703 group in the corresponding color, a recording mediumholding drum 702, a light source apparatus 700 (corresponding to thelight source apparatuses 6-1 to 6-7), and an intermediate transfermember 704 as the main constitutional elements thereof. The operation ofeach color unit is substantially identical to that of the apparatusshown in FIG. 11, but in this example, the recording medium 701 is fedout from a recording medium roll R provided on the recording mediumholding drum 702 and set, whereupon exposure is performed on therecording medium 701 by the light source apparatus 700 to form an imagefor printing. During printing, the constitutional elements of each colorunit and the pressure drum 705 rotate synchronously, whereby images ineach color are transferred sequentially onto recording paper 706, and asa result, a full color image is printed. The recording paper 706 is thenconveyed by printed matter conveyance means 707 and placed on adischarge table as printed matter 709.

In the printing apparatus shown in FIG. 13, units corresponding to fourcolors (each of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) are disposed intandem, and each unit comprises an inking roller 803 group in thecorresponding color, a recording medium (printing plate) 801, arecording medium holding drum 802, a light source apparatus 800(corresponding to the light source apparatuses 6-1 to 6-7), anintermediate transfer member (blanket) 804, and a pressure drum 805 asthe main constitutional elements thereof. Printing is performed in asubstantially identical manner to that of the printing apparatus shownin FIG. 12, in that a full color image is printed by transferring imagesin each color sequentially onto recording paper 806, after which therecording paper 806 is conveyed by printed matter conveyance means 807and placed on a dischargetable as printed matter 809.

FIG. 14 shows an example of an apparatus for transferring a coloringmaterial image formed on a drum directly onto recording paper ratherthan via an intermediate transfer body, as in the example shown in FIG.13.

Units corresponding to four colors (each of cyan, magenta, yellow, andblack) are disposed in tandem, and each unit comprises an inking roller903 group in the corresponding color, a recording medium (printingplate) 901, a recording medium holding drum 902, a light sourceapparatus 900 (corresponding to the light source apparatuses 6-1 to6-7), and a pressure drum 905 as the main constitutional elementsthereof. Printing is performed in a substantially identical manner tothat of the printing apparatus shown in FIG. 12, in that a full colorimage is printed by transferring images in each color sequentially ontorecording paper 906, after which the recording paper 906 is conveyed byprinted matter conveyance means 907 and placed on a discharge table asprinted matter 909.

In this apparatus, transfer of the coloring material onto the recordingpaper must be made easy. In other words, low viscosity is required.Alternatively, a material such as a blanket, which possesses elasticitysuch that the coloring material can be rubbed onto the recording paperside, may be used. Preferably, a coloring material adhesion part or acoloring material non-adhesion part is formed on the drum by resin orthe like by exposure during each printing operation, removed at the endof the printing operation, and cleaned in preparation for the nextprinting operation.

Each of the printing apparatuses described above is an image formingapparatus comprising an apparatus portion that performs exposure on therecording medium (601, 701, 801, 901) using the light source apparatus(700, 800, 900) to form an image for printing, this apparatus portioncorresponding to the recording apparatus of the present invention, inwhich ink is supplied by means for forming a multicolored image, such asan inking roller group, to a recording medium on which the image forprinting has been recorded by the recording apparatus to form a coloringmaterial image, where upon the multicolored image is transferred on torecording paper, serving as an aspect of a sheet-form medium, usingtransfer means such as a pressure drum (605, 705, 805, 905) either viaan intermediate transfer body (604, 704) or not via an intermediatetransfer body.

The optical unit will now be described in further detail.

As shown in FIG. 15, the optical units 8 are attached directly to aholding member 20 with a gap Al between adjacent optical units.Alternatively, as shown in the examples in FIGS. 16 and 17, the opticalunits 8 are attached to a holding member 21 via the holders 9-2, and theholders 9-2 are held on the holding member 21 with a gap A2 betweenadjacent holders, whereby the holding member 21 carrying the opticalunits 8 moves in the sub-scanning direction by an image formation areaapportioned width (to be described below).

FIG. 16 shows an example in which three optical units 8 are held by oneof the holders 9-2. As shown in FIG. 16, the optical units 8 aredisposed in the holder 9-2 with the gap A1 between adjacent opticalunits.

In the example shown in FIG. 17, the optical units 8 are disposed in theholders 9-2 with a gap between adjacent optical units 8, and the holders9-2 are held on the holding member 20, with the gap A2 between adjacentholders, so as to face the drum 2 holding the recording medium 1.

The image formation area apportioned width according to the presentinvention will now be described using FIGS. 18 to 20. FIG. 18 shows theideal recording ranges of three optical units (a first optical unit #1,a second optical unit #2, and a third optical unit #3) on a recordingsurface S of a recording medium. The recording range of the firstoptical unit #1 is denoted by P1, the recording range of the secondoptical unit #2 is denoted by P2, and the recording range of the thirdoptical unit #3 is denoted by P3. Note that here, the vertical direction(X direction) is the main scanning direction, and the lateral direction(Y direction) is the sub-scanning direction. Further, the term “ideal”means that all of the optical units record an identically sized range.In other words, the image recorded by each optical unit has the samepixel count in both height and width.

In this case, rasterized original image data are divided into the numberof optical units and transferred to the respectively correspondingoptical units, whereby the original image is reproduced on the recordingsurface S of the recording medium. However, in an actual optical unit,beam position deviation is generated by a variety of causes, andtherefore, when ideal image data are transferred to the optical units,recording such as that shown by the solid lines in FIG. 19, for example,is performed.

In FIG. 19, a solid line range indicated by the reference symbol H1 isthe actual recording range of the first optical unit #1, a solid linerange indicated by the reference symbol H2 is the actual recording rangeof the second optical unit #2, and a solid line range indicated by thereference symbol H3 is the actual recording range of the second opticalunit #2. Hence, the first optical unit #1 emits a recording beam earlierthan the ideal by X1, while the first optical unit #emits a recordingbeam later than the ideal by X2 and offset in the sub-scanning directionby Y1. Note that the third optical unit #3 emits a recording beam in theidea recording range.

In the state shown in FIG. 19, a blank space Y1, an overlap Y2, and anirregular upper portion occur on the recorded image. Hence, the blankspace Y1 part is set in the recording range of the first optical unit#1, and the image data are modified to the recording ranges shown by thesolid lines in FIG. 20, as indicated by the reference symbols Q1, Q2,Q3, such that the first recording head emits a recording beam earlierthan the ideal by X1 and the second optical unit #2 emits a recordingbeam earlier than the ideal by X2. When image data such as that of therecording ranges Q1, Q2, Q3 shown in FIG. 20 are recorded by opticalunits having characteristics for performing the recording shown in FIG.19 (note that the recording range of the first optical unit #1 iswidened by Y1 and the recording range of the third optical unit #3 isnarrowed by Y2), the original image data can be reproduced with nooverlap and blank spaces, and in alignment in the Y direction.

Here, the aforementioned image formation area apportioned widthindicates the width of an image recorded by the optical unit. The widthof the recorded image indicates the maximum image width of the imagesrecorded respectively by the plurality of optical units.

The reasons for this is that at the point in time when the optical unitthat is responsible for recording the image having the narrowest widthof the original image (in the example shown in FIG. 18, the optical unit#3; in the present invention, the optical unit that is responsible forrecording the image having the narrowest width of the original image isdenoted simply as the optical unit #3) finishes recording the imagewidth for which it is responsible, the optical unit that is responsiblefor recording the image having the greatest width of the original image(in the example shown in FIG. 18, the optical unit #1; in the presentinvention, the optical unit that is responsible for recording the imagehaving the greatest width of the original image is denoted simply as theoptical unit #1) has not finished recording the part of the originalimage for which it is responsible, and therefore it maybe assumed thatduring the period from the point at which the optical unit #3 finishesrecording the image for which it is responsible to the time at which theoptical unit #1 finishes recording, a blank image is recorded.

Hence, it is assumed that all of the optical units record the same widthas the image width recorded by the optical unit responsible forrecording the greatest width of the original image, and this width isdefined as the image formation area apportioned width. Accordingly, thesmallest image formation area apportioned width is the image formationarea apportioned width when the intervals of the beams emitted by theoptical units are in an ideal state.

According to the present invention described above, a light sourceapparatus is formed by installing an optical unit corresponding to asingle beam, or a group of these optical units, in a holder, and in sodoing, light source apparatuses having various lengths can be formedeasily and at low cost. Further, when one light source breaks, low costreplacement can be realized, thereby facilitating maintenance, and sincethe optical system is simple, the initial cost of the light sourceapparatus itself can also be suppressed greatly.

Moreover, the optical units or holders are arranged such that a gap isprovided between adjacent optical units or holders, and therefore, evenwhen the width of the recording medium in the optical unit arraydirection is great, an accumulative error in the width direction, causedwhen a plurality of optical units or a plurality of holders arearranged, does not occur. Hence, the optical units or holders can bedisposed with a high degree of precision, and an image forming apparatushaving a high degree of optical unit writing position precision, whichproduces images of a high quality, can be realized.

Various modifications will become possible for those skilled in the artafter receiving the teachings of the present disclosure, withoutdeparting from the scope thereof.

1. An image forming apparatus which uses an optical unit array formed byarranging a plurality of optical units, each of which is formed byincorporating a light source element and a lens for condensing lightfrom the light source element into a casing, and performs imageformation in an image formation area using energy from the light sourceelement by apportioning the image formation area among the opticalunits, wherein the optical unit array comprises gaps between the casingsof adjacent optical units, and is installed in a holding member suchthat the optical units can be attached and detached.
 2. The imageformation area as claimed in claim 1, wherein a casing outer shape widthof the optical unit in an array direction is smaller than a width of animage formation area apportioned to each optical unit.
 3. The imageforming apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a material of thecasing of the optical unit is different to a material of the holdingmember.
 4. An image forming apparatus which uses an optical unit arrayformed by arranging a plurality of optical units, each of which isformed by incorporating a light source element and a lens for condensinglight from the light source element into a casing, and performs imageformation in an image formation area using energy from the light sourceelement by apportioning the image formation area among the opticalunits, wherein the optical unit array is an optical unit group formed byarranging n number of the optical units in a holder, N number of theoptical unit groups are arranged in a holding member so as to cover awidth of the image formation area, a gap is provided between the casingsof adjacent optical units, and the optical units are installed in theholder detachably (here, n and N are natural numbers of two or more). 5.The image forming apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein a casingouter shape width of the optical unit in an array direction is smallerthan a width of an image formation area apportioned to each opticalunit.
 6. The image forming apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein theholders carrying the optical unit groups comprise gaps between adjacentholders, and are installed in the holding member detachably.
 7. Theimage forming apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein a material of thecasing of the optical unit is different to a material of the holdingmember.
 8. The image forming apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein amaterial of the casing of the optical unit is different to a material ofthe holder.
 9. The image forming apparatus as claimed in claim 4,wherein the material of the holder is different to the material of theholding member.